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.Cb Reasoning about Knowledge
The following problem is much more difficult to formalize than
the %2Wise man problem%1 or the %2Unfaithful wives problem%1:
Two integers, 1 < m, n < 100 are chosen.
Mr P. and Mr. S are two mathematicians. Mr. P is given the product
of the two chosen integers, and Mr. S. is given the sum. Both of these
gentlemen are perfectly logical.
They are asked what m and n are. Obviously, if Mr. P knew the
sum, or Mr. S knew the product, they could figure out the values of m and n.
Here are their answers:
P says: %2I don't know.%1
S says: %2I knew you did't know. Neither do I.%1
P says: %2Oh! Now I know.%1
S says: %2Same here.%1
Find the values of m and n.